从材料的冲击损伤研究看核电厂的安全防护

论述了核电厂对外来冲击物的安全防护及其与材料受到冲击损伤之间的关系,讨论了材料在外来物冲击作用下的损伤行为、模式及破坏预测的方法,笔者就材料及其结构的冲击损伤研究提出了建议     

浅谈软土地基设计的一般方法

由于软土地基的低承载力、压缩性高、透水性差、结构触变性等特殊的工程特性,因此软土地基设计的好坏成为工程安全的关键。本文在传统土地设计的基础上,强调了上部结构、基础、地基共同作用的重要性,把软土地基设计概括为“一个中心、一个目的、两个基本点、六个步骤”,同时就设计参数取值和计算理论进行了讨论,供今后软基设计参考。     

易燃易爆场所雷电灾害风险评估的实践和探讨

根据山东省淄博市博山区雷暴日、闪电时空分布特征,参考IEC62305-2等标准规范,分析加油加气站建设项目所在地大气雷电环境状况和雷电灾害易损性,新增加了雷击火灾、爆炸影响范围评估内容,充分考虑毗邻区域的公共安全问题,最大限度减少雷击人身伤害和财产损失.为技术人员做好易燃易爆场所雷电灾害风险评估提供了可借鉴的技术方法和操作规程,简化风险评估模型,使雷电灾害风险评估分析、计算趋于科学和规范化.强调指出雷击风险评估是防御和减轻雷电灾害的关键环节.各类化工厂、易燃仓储、输送贮存油气、加油加气、烟花爆竹等易燃易爆场所应是雷电灾害风险评估的首要重点领域.     

浅谈基层监测站"十二五"能力建设方向

依据环境监测能力建设标准,提出了"十二五"期间基层监测站能力建设的目标和要求,指出实现"三个说得清",应以科研工作为先导,以污染防治为核心,以信息化建设为载体,强化对环境质量综合分析和环境风险源筛分排查,充分发挥基层监测站的作用,更好地为环境管理提供准确有效技术支持的建设思路.     

对县级环境监测站标准化建设的思考

分析了县级环境测站在标准化创建工作中存在的问题和实际困难。为加快标准化环境监测站的建设速度，促进环境测站的全面建设，提出了包括提高认识，制订目标，加强队伍建设和拓宽经费渠道的若干对策建议。     

It's Not Easy Being Green … Or Is It? A Content Analysis of Environmental Claims in Magazine Advertisements from the United States and United Kingdom

As corporations seek to appeal to environmentally conscious stakeholders, advertisements containing environmental claims have become increasingly prominent. A corporation's desire for an enhanced corporate reputation, combined with lenient environmental advertising regulation, has created the perfect environment for corporations to use—and misuse—environmental claims, resulting in “greenwashing.” Defined as the act of disseminating disinformation to consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental benefits of a product or service, greenwashing occurs around the world. This study is a cross-national content analysis of 247 print ads from 84 issues of mainstream magazines from the United States and United Kingdom. Three-fourths (75%) of the ads analyzed contained one or more aspects of greenwashing. Firms advertising in US magazines were significantly more likely to employ misleading/deceptive environmental claims than UK firms and magazines. These findings suggest that without increased environmental advertisement regulation, greenwashing will persist as a disingenuous means for corporate reputation enhancement.     

Amplifiers on the Commons: Using Indicators to Foster Place-Based Sustainability Initiatives

This essay proposes a heuristic conservation between the emerging field of environmental communication and the “crisis discipline” of conservation biology in order to generate a set of ethical postulates for research, teaching, and professional consultation. To the extent that social/symbolic representations of “environment” embody interested orientations, such discourses potentially constrain and/or enable societal responses to environmental signals, including signs of ecological crises. The essay argues that, implicit in this and other functional premises, lies a principal ethical duty of environmental communication: the obligation to enhance the ability of society to respond appropriately to environmental signals relevant to the well-being of both human communities and natural biological systems.     

建立我国污水海洋处置管理信息系统

根据“八五”国家科技攻关课题的研究成果,建立了我国污水海洋处置管理信息系统。该系统界面十分清晰、直观,便于操作,有助于海域环境管理的快速决策,可用于我国沿海城市进行污水海洋处置工程规划建设和运行时的查询检索或跟踪监测海域的环境状况,并可对海域环境质量进行评价、预测及污水海洋处置规划。可确定出污水出水点近区浓度场及初始稀释度等各类污水排放参数,对当地海域环境管理及重大战略决策起到很好的技术支持作用      

基于GIS的东辽河流域水环境信息管理

在充分搜集东辽河流域水环境信息的基础上,采用先进的MAPGIS平台,完成了数据库、图形库、专业属性库的编辑,完满地实现了东辽河流域水环境信息的动态化管理。      

微量加碱法合成聚合氯化铝的改进及Al13形成机理

通过提高反应温度和加碱速度对做量加碱法进行了改进,从而提高了反应速度,缩短了反应时间,并提高了AlCl3、和NaOH的允许浓度及产品的总铝浓度．同时对AlCl3的形成机理进行了探讨．结果表明,_Ala形态首先与OH^-反应生成Ale形态,然后Ale形态与Ala形态反应生成了Alb形态,即AlCl3形态．第二步反应较慢,为总反应的速率控制步骤,且为吸热反应,AlCl3的生成速率随反应温度的升高而增大．